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LUNAR AND SOLAR CALENDAR IN THE GLORIOUS QUR'AN
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Surah al-Ya’seen
Ayah 39 says:
“How We ordained
the moon to pass
through certain
phases until it
seems eventually
to be like a
bent down twig.”
It is He who
kindles the
light of dawn,
and has made the
night for you to
rest, and the
sun and moon as
a means of
calculation.
This is the
design of the
Majestic and
All-Knowing
(Allah). (6:96)
In the Noble
Qur’an, the word
“Sanah” and “Aam”
has been used to
mention the word
“Year”.
The word “Sanah”
has been used to
express the time
taken by the
moon to complete
its voyage
around the
earth. The
average time
taken by the
moon to complete
one circle is 29
days, 12 hours,
and 44 minutes.
This is the
Lunar Month. The
word “Aam” is
used for solar
year, which is
the time taken
by the earth to
complete one
circle around
the sun. There
is a difference
of 11 days
between the
lunar year and
the solar year.
Allah describes
the movements of
sun and the moon
in Surah
Yunus, Ayah 5:
“It is He Who
has made the sun
radiant and the
moon luminous
and has
appointed for
the moon certain
phases so that
you may compute
the number of
years and other
reckoning. Allah
has created them
for a genuine
purpose. He
explains the
evidence (of His
existence) to
the people of
knowledge.”
In the Arabic
text, the word “Sineen”
has been used.
It is the plural
of “Sina” means
lunar year.
Allah
enumerates the
number of months
in a lunar year
as twelve as
stated in Surah
al-Taubah, Ayah
36:
“According to
the Book of
Allah, from the
day He created
the heavens and
the earth, the
number of months
is twelve…)
Allah describes
the number of
years those
pious youths who
slept in the
cave as
mentioned in
Surah al-Kahaf,
Ayah 25: “They,
in fact, stayed
in the cave for
three hundred
years (Sineen)
plus nine
further years.”
Surah
al-Kahaf Ayah 19
which reads:
“One of them
said ‘How long
do you think we
have stayed
here? They
replied ‘A day
or part
thereof.’”
This indicates
that the weather
conditions were
similar at the
start and end of
their abnormal
sleep! Because
the Lunar
calendar lags
behind solar
calendar by
about 11 days,
and if we
multiply 300
with 11, we get
3300. As a solar
year consists of
365 days, 5
hours, 48
minutes and 45.5
seconds or
365.24, hence if
we divide 3300
by 365.24, we
will get 9.03 or
9 years. Hence
it proves that
“Three
hundred and nine
lunar years are
equal to three
hundred Solar
years.”
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